Friday, 14 December 2012

Connecticut school shooting: Children among 27 killed


President Obama: "Heal the broken hearted and bind up their wounds"
A gunman has killed 20 children and six adults at a primary school in the US state of Connecticut, police say.
The gunman, who also died, has not been formally identified by police.
But officials told US media that the killer at Sandy Hook Elementary School, in Newtown, was a 20-year-old son of a teacher. He is thought to have killed her before the attack.
It is one of the worst-ever US school shootings, with a toll close to the 32 who died at Virginia Tech in 2007.
Early reports named 24-year-old Ryan Lanza as the gunman, but anonymous officials later said his brother Adam, 20, was the suspect.
He is believed to have killed their mother, Nancy Lanza, at her home before heading to Sandy Hook school. Investigators say it is unclear whether she worked there.
Ryan Lanza of Hoboken, New Jersey, was being questioned by police, US media reported, but has not been named as a suspect.
'Safest place in America' Police Lt Paul Vance said 18 children were pronounced dead at the school, and two died after being taken to hospital. Six adults were also killed, and the gunman died at the scene, apparently after shooting himself.

“Start Quote

Our hearts are broken today, for the parents, grandparents, sisters and brothers of these children”
Barack Obama US President
One person was also injured, and police were investigating a second crime scene in Newtown, where another victim was found dead - understood to be the gunman's mother.
Dressed in black and wearing a bullet-proof vest, the gunman is thought to have had several weapons.
These included two handguns - a Glock and a Sig Sauer - and a .223-calibre rifle, reports said.
The killings took place in two rooms within a single section of the school, police have said.
One parent, Stephen Delgiadice, whose eight-year-old daughter was at Sandy Hook School on Friday but was not harmed, said the shooting was traumatic for the small town.
"It's alarming, especially in Newtown, Connecticut, which we always thought was the safest place in America," Mr Delgiadice told AP.
At a memorial service in Newtown people crowded outside the doors of the church as Connecticut Governor Dannel Malloy addressed those gathered.
He called the attack a "tragedy of unspeakable terms", saying "you can never be prepared" for an event like this.
In Washington, about 200 people held a candlelight vigil for the victims outside the White House, whilst others protested there to call for gun controls.

Deadly US mass shootings

  • 1984: James Oliver Huberty shoots dead 21 people at a McDonald's in California
  • 1986: Postal worker Pat Sherrill kills 14 people at post office in Oklahoma
  • 1991: George Hennard kills 23 people at a cafeteria in Texas
  • 1999: Two students at Columbine high school kill 13 and injure 20, before killing themselves
  • 2007: A student kills 32 and injures dozens more at Virginia Tech university
  • 2009: 13 people are killed in a mass shooting at Ford Hood military base in Texas
'Innocence torn away'
Friday's shooting is the third major gun attack in the US in 2012.
In July an attacker killed 12 people at a premiere of a Batman film in Aurora, Colorado. In August six people died at a Sikh temple in Wisconsin.
Just this week two people died in a shooting at a shopping mall in the state of Oregon.
At the White House, an emotional President Barack Obama cited those incidents as he called for "meaningful action... regardless of politics".
"Our hearts are broken today, for the parents, grandparents, sisters and brothers of these children, and for the families of the adults who were lost."
Mr Obama offered condolences to the families of survivors too, saying "their children's innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain".
He wiped tears from his eyes as he spoke of the "overwhelming grief" at the loss of life.
The American flags on Capitol Hill were lowered to half-mast in the wake of the attack.
Schools locked down Police arrived at the school soon after 09:40 local time (14:40 GMT) on Friday, answering reports that a gunman was in the school's main office and one person had "numerous gunshot wounds".
Witnesses reported hearing scores of shots fired, with one suggesting there "must have been 100 rounds" in an interview with CNN.
Parent Richard Wilford said his seven-year-old son Richie described a noise that "sounded like what he described as cans falling".
Mr Wilford said his son's teacher locked the classroom door and told the children to huddle in a corner until the police arrived.
Map
The authorities said they mobilised "every possible asset" in their response to the shooting. Teams of officers, some with dogs, combed the school and evacuated the building.
Firefighters reportedly told children to close their eyes and run past the school's office as they left the building.
Sandy Hook School - described by correspondents as a highly rated school has more than 600 students - spanning the ages five to 10.
Witness Mergim Bajraliu, 17, said he heard the gunshots ring out from his home and ran to the school looking for his nine-year-old sister, who was not hurt.
He spoke of an emotional scene at the school as anguished parents rushed to find their children.
"Everyone was just traumatised," he said.

* Sri Lanka to launch its first satellite


Thu, Oct 18, 2012, 10:24 am SL Time, ColomboPage News Desk, Sri Lanka.
Oct 18, Colombo: Beginning a new era in communication Sri Lanka's first communication satellite will take to orbit on November 22 from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in China and it will be positioned over Sri Lanka.
At a media briefing yesterday, R. M. Manivannan, Chairman of SupremeSAT said the launch will take place around 9:30 p.m. local time and the satellite will be positioned above the country in the Geo-Stationary orbit at 87.5 degrees East in just seven minutes.
The satellite will be operational for commercial purposes in the region by early June 2013, he said.
Sri Lanka's Board of Investment (BOI) earlier this year entered into a partnership agreement with SupremeSAT (Pvt) Ltd. to launch its own communication satellite at a cost of US$ 320 million.
The total investment for the project is estimated at US$ 360 million which also included the construction of a satellite Content Management Station and a Space Academy in Kandy which is now in progress.
Sri Lanka will be the 45th country in the world to own a communication satellite and the third in South Asia. India and Pakistan have their own satellites.
SupremeSAT will make history by becoming the 27th private company in the world to own a satellite. The company is currently negotiating with the Maldives and Afghanistan to build satellites for them.
SupremeSAT has entered into an exclusive partnership agreement with China's State-owned China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC) for the design, manufacturing and launching of the satellite.

Japan election a world away from tsunami-hit town

By Alex Zolbert, CNN

Watch this video

Tsunami victims on Japan's election

STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • Elderly residents in Ishinomaki are struggling to adapt to post-tsunami surroundings
  • Some live in temporary homes, 18 months after the earthquake and tsunami
  • One resident fears that another change in government will delay reconstruction work
  • Another says: "The government hasn't done a thing for us. They've only cleared the debris"
Ishinomaki, Japan (CNN) -- It's been nine months since I took the photos, but as the temperature drops below zero at the start of another Japanese winter, one image stubbornly dwells on my mind.
It's not of the tsunami-inflicted destruction -- the flattened homes, mangled cars or piles of debris -- in Ishinomaki, one of the worst-hit areas in the Tohoku region, in the country's north.
Instead, it is an image of retirees huddled on small benches outside their temporary homes.
The pre-assembled homes have ample heating and are equipped with small kitchens -- and yes, many people in other parts of the world live with much less.
But in talking with some of the elderly residents in March, one year after the devastating earthquake and tsunami, it was clear that they were struggling to adapt to their new surroundings.
Japan under reconstruction Japan under reconstruction
Japan's endless cleanup battle
Huge dock from tsunami found near Hawaii
Candidates vie for Japanese votes
New elections in Japan
Now as a second winter arrives after March 2011 quake, I was curious as to how these people were coping and I wondered what their thoughts were on Japan's upcoming general election.
Did they have a strong preference on who should become Japan's seventh prime minster in just over six years? Or, with so much political change and their own upheaval, were they even paying any attention?
I was also compelled by the fact that, according to government figures, more than 320,000 people remain in temporary housing across the affected region.
And it could be the case for quite some time.
According to a recent report in The Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper, of the nearly 24,000 housing units set to be constructed in three prefectures, only roughly 13,700 will be completed by March of 2015. That's four years after the tsunami hit.
And with this all in mind, it's particularly tough for many people in the Tohoku region to grasp the concept of the revolving door of leaders, as they watch the reconstruction drag on.
Junko Hino, a resident at one housing center, told us, "Nothing has changed here, but the prime minister has changed many times. I don't understand the meaning of any of it."
Sixty-seven-year-old Katsuji Ogata lost his wife in the tsunami. He used to run a small restaurant in Ishinomaki. Now it's a simple food truck.
He is even more outspoken, saying "the government hasn't done a thing for us. They've only cleared the debris."
Kenichi Kurosawa erected a sign it what was once a neighborhood that reads Ganbaru, or "try your hardest," in the hope of inspiring those who are struggling in the aftermath of the tsunami.
He says, "I know it was a huge disaster and things would take time. But I am frustrated. The reaction has been too slow for too long. We are working hard and trying to move forward, but there are many people who are really struggling and need some help."
The people in the housing complexes are making the best of their situation though.
One we visited outside Ishinomaki had setup a small Sunday morning market the day we visited.
They were also operating a basic convenience store.
And we also met Satoshi Sakurai at the complex's barber shop.
"Another prime minster and another new cabinet, the reconstruction will be delayed again," he sighs.
But the barber shop's owner, Hiroshi Yokota, tried to keep things in perspective.
"I sometimes wish I'd wake, and it was all a dream," he says.
"But it happened to us, so we make the best of situation, and try to get back to the life we once had."

Thursday, 13 December 2012

gangnum style

Gangnam-dance

A man in England died Saturday after an office party performance of "Gangnam Style" led to chest pains and an eventual failure of the heart.
Eamonn Kilbride, 46, had just finished dancing to Korean pop star Psy's wildly popular "Gangnam Style" at his company's office party when he noticed chest pains around his heart and passed out onto the floor of Lancashire's Whitehall Country Club.
Paramedics tried to revive the man, but their efforts proved unsuccessful. He was pronounced dead at the Royal Blackburn Hospital a few minutes after 11:30pm.
A spokesman for Blackburn coroner's office told Britain's Daily Telegraph that Kilbride died from acute heart failure caused by coronary artery atheroma, which can often derive from vigorous exercise.
According to Kilbride's wife Julie, the former IT manager was a "loving husband" and avid golfer who "was always the life of the party and loved dancing."
"We were having a fantastic time at the Christmas party and Eamonn had just finished dancing to 'Gangnam Style,'" she told the Telegraph.
"He was up on stage and entertaining everybody. He said he had a bit of a pain and just collapsed."

1931 - 1948 Freedom Struggle and First Parliment

1935
Sri Lanka Leftist movement was started. They fought for gaining full freedom. The Sooriyamal campaign against Popi mal campaign was a successful one. They organized strikes to fight the British imperialists. Their members were mainly from Plantation Tamil Community.

Lanka Samamaja party was established with 3 principles, which were focused on winning freedom from British. The total economy was controlled by British. The organizing of work strikes was a part of the freedom struggle.

First Rajaya Mantharan Sabha was desolved and an election was held.
W Doresami became the President of Rajaya Mantharan Sabha, leader of the house and Minister of local affairs was Sir D B Jayatilaka. They requested a similar system to English in the parliament.

1943
British said that they will give consider to give a parliamentary system after the Second World War.

1944
Japanese Attacked Colombo and Trincomale by Air.

Minister of Agriculture D S Senanayake Started Minneriaya Govi Janapada. Built Galoya Reservior. Minister of Industries John Kotalawala build Watawala Hydro Electric Poewer Station. Co-operative System and Grama Sanwardana Vyaparaya Developed. Mallika Hewawitharana like women leaders came forward for benefit of the Public.

Solbary Commission sent from England for hearing for Freedom.

The system proposed contained Governor, Cabinet and manthrees (members of parliament). The governor appoint 6 mps, 95 from votes. Parliament select 15 members for senate and governor appoint 15 for the senate making a senate of 30 members. This was made active in first parliament election in 1947.

1946
UNP was formed by Lanka jathika Sanagamya, Sinhala maha Sabhawa, All Ceylon Muslim Congress, Lanka Yonaka Sangamaya, A Mahadeva Jaffna, S Nadesan Kankasanturai Together.

Party proposal was proposed by S nadeshan MP Kankasanture TB Jaya Seconded it. D S Senanayaka became the Leader of the Party.

1947 The First parliament
- D S Senanayake became the Prime Minister,
cabinet Ministers were
- S W R D Bandaranayake – Health & Local Administration
- Lalithabhaya Rajapaksha – Justice
- John Kotalawala – Roads & Industry
- J R Jayawardena – Finance
- T B Jayah – Labour
- Dudley Senanayake – Agriculture & Lands
- E A Nugawela – Education
- G Sithtampalam – Industry Research & Fisheries
- C Sithtampalam – Post & Telecom
- A Ratnayaka – Food and Cooperative
- E A P Wijeyratna – Local Affairs
- H W Amarasooriya – Trade
- E A Gunasingha – Karya Niyamayak Nomathi Amathi
- A F Molamure Became Speaker of the parliament
- D J Wijeykoon was The Leader of the Senate
- Dr. N M Perera was the Leader of the Opposition.

Prince of Gloster opened the parliament.

Solbary Sami was made the Governor.
A meeting of foreign ministers and prime ministers of common wealth was held in Sri Lanka. Indias Javahallar Neru came to Sri Lanka. Foreign Ministers from England, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Minister of Common Wealth participated.

1948
Lanka was given parliament freedom. The Foreign Policy and Defense was still under British Control. British kept the Airports and harbors to them self. The Royal Army and Royal Air Force was under British command. The freedom received was called a status of Dominion.

many political Analysts said that compared to India Sri Lankas freedom fight was nothing. India won freedom after a long struggle with British by giving lives of many people. India built a one force of people accumulating all divided by race, religion and cast. Sri Lankan freedom fight was lead by children of Wealthy people produced by British economy (Plantation, Liquor Business, Money lending). The continuation of the British system was needed for their survival.

British handled the foreign policy and state security; the leaders did not want to obtain a full freedom from British rule.

How ever the new era began after 1948. People enjoyed it.

Top Tourist Places in Sri Lanka.


Sri Lanka is famous for sandy beaches, sunshine, tropical weather, ancient ruines, elephants, tea, cricket, wildlife. Sri Lankan visitor manufacturing is booming after finishing 30 years of war. Every month number of tourists increasing. 30 years before no body visited Maldvies, all Europeon, American, Asian tourists came to Sri Lanka to enjoy sandy beaches and sunshine.

1. Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura is one of the olden capitals of Sri Lanka, well-known for its well-preserved ruins of ancient Lankan people. From the 4th century BC, it was the capital of Sri Lanka until the start of the 11th century AD. During this period it remained one of the most steady and durable centers of political power and city life in South Asia. The olden city, considered blessed to the Buddhist world, is today surrounded by monasteries covering an area of over sixteen square miles (40 km²). Anuradhapura is also significant in Hindu legend as the fabled capital of the Asura King Ravana in the Ramayana.

2. Arugambay

Arugam Bay is located on the Indian Ocean in the waterless zone of Sri Lanka's southeast beach. The Arugam Bay is situated 320 km due east of Colombo. It is a well-liked surfing and tourist goal. Due to its attractiveness among low budget tourists, the area has managed a slow revival. By private initiatives only. The main road through town has still not been repaved. Work is in growth to improve road access to the area. But in Arugam Bay itself, little has altered. As late as May, 2009 no help has been received from any official foundation or international organizations. An omission is ungraceful support for fishing folk as well as many school reconstruction programs, resulting in a continuance to provide only separatist schools for each community.

3. Bentota

A Sri Lankan coastal city well-known for golden beaches, Bentota is located on the southern coastal angle of the Galle District of the Southern Province. The town is a well-liked tourist place. It is particularly well-known among the foreign tourists. The name comes from a mythological story which dates back to kings time saying a demon called Bem ruled this river ( total = river bank). Bentota hosts a handful of world proclaim hotels. It is the hosting land for the well-known Sri Lankan Jeweler Aida. Bentota also delivers an olden art of curing called Ayurveda. Bentota is also famous for its making in Toddy. An alcoholic drink made out of coconut nectar. The city's population is probable to be between 25,000-50,000.

4. Beruwela

Beruwela is a little resort town in the south western coastal girdle of Sri Lanka. The name Beruwela is derivative from the Sinhalese word Beruwela (the place where the sail is lower). It marks the spot for the first Muslim completion on the island, recognized by Arab traders in the region of the 8th century AD. Large populations of Sri Lankan Moors, many of them are gem merchants, still live in the town-- mainly in the "China Fort". Msjid-ul-Abrar, a landmark of Beruwela and Sri Lanka's oldest mosque, was built by Arab traders on a gravel peninsula overlooking the town.

5. Bundala National Park

Situated about fifteen kilometers east of Hambantota Bundala National Park is one of Sri Lanka's leading destinations for birdwatchers, caring an important area of coastal marshland well-known for its plentiful sea (and other) birdlife. The park is also home to large populations of elephants, marshland & estuarine crocodiles, turtles & other fauna, as well as the leopard. Stretching along the coast east of Hambantota, Bundala National Park is model for instant satisfaction: in a four hour jeep ride, we can see elephants, 8ft crocs, giant squirrels & flamingoes. Afternoon safaris in the waterless period (December - May) provide visitors with the best possibility of seeing the nature.

6. Colombo

The name "Colombo", first introduced by the Portuguese in 1505, is believed to be derived from the standard Sinhalese name Kolon thota, meaning "port on the river Kelani". It has also been optional that the name may be derivative from the Sinhalese name Kola-amba-thota which means "Harbour with leafy mango trees". Due to its big harbour and its strategic place along the East-West sea trade routes, Colombo was known to olden traders 2,000 years ago. However it was only made the capital of the island when Sri Lanka was ceded to the British Empire in 1815, and its condition as capital was retained when the nation became self-governing in 1948. In 1978, when organizational functions were moved to Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte, Colombo was chosen as the commercial capital of Sri Lanka.

7. Dambulla

Major attraction of the city include the biggest and greatest potted cave temple complex of Sri Lanka, and the Rangiri Dambulla global Stadium, well-known for being built in just 167 days. The city also boasts to have the biggest rose quartz peak range in South Asia, and the Iron wood forest, or Namal Uyana. Ibbankatuwa primitive burial site near Dambulla cave temple complex is the newest archaeological site of significant historical importance found in Dambulla, which is situated within 3 kilometers of the cave temples provided that proof on presence of native civilisations long before the arrival of Indian power on the Island nation.

8. Hikkaduwa - Coral reef & sandy beaches

Hikkaduwa is a little town on the south coast of Sri Lanka. It is situated in the Southern region, about 20 km north-west of Galle. Hikkaduwa is well-known for its beach and corals. Villages affected were Telwatta, Paraliya, Dodanduwa, Kahawa, and Rathgama. The place on the way from Colombo to Galle on the well-known Galle road. It is principally a tourist destination, and serves as a great beach with options to surf, snorkel and enjoy the sun.

9. Kalpitiya

Despite its natural attractiveness, the western peninsular area of KALPITIYA in the Puttalam area of Sri Lanka is extraordinarily unhurt by visiting the attractions. But for those fortunate enough to visit, there's an overabundance of things to see and do! With the small close-knit fishing society dominating the lives of the restricted people, visitors can get a real approaching into working life away from the city. After watching the night fishing boats return in the morning, a visit to one of the fish markets offers the opportunity to choose the evening meal straight from the fresh catch! The Dutch Fort and St Peter's Kerk church in the town itself are motivating examples of Sri Lanka's rich history and colonial past. Leisurely boat rides up the lagoon and canoe trips down the river are a pleasing way of exploring the coastline, whilst 4WD jeep rides along the isolated sand dunes between the ocean and the lagoon offer a unique way of watching the colourful evening sunsets.

10. Kandy

Kandy in Sinhala, pronounced is the English name for the city of Maha Nuvara (Senkadagalapura) in the centre of Sri Lanka. It is the capital of the Central area and Kandy District. It dishonesty in the middle of hills in the Kandy Valley which crosses a district of tropical plantations, mostly tea. Kandy is one of the majority scenic cities in Sri Lanka. Kandy is of both an administrative and sacred city. It is the capital of the Central area and also of the administrative district of Kandy. 

11. Polonnaruwa

The second most olden of Sri Lanka's kingdoms, Polonnaruwa was first stated the capital city by King Vijayabahu I, who beaten the Chola invaders in 1070 CE to come together the country once more under a local leader.

12. Sigiriya - 8th wonder of the world

Sigiriya (Lion's rock) is an olden rock stronghold and castle/palace ruin located in the central Matale District of Sri Lanka, enclosed by the remains of a widespread network of gardens, reservoirs, and other structures. It is a popular tourist places, also known for its earliest paintings (frescos), very similar to those in the Ajanta Caves of India. The Sigiriya was built during the control of King Kassapa I (AD 477 – 495), and it is one of the seven World Heritage Sites of Sri Lanka.

13. Wilpattu National Park

Wilpattu National Park is a park situated on the island of Sri Lanka. The unique feature of this park is the continuation of “Willus” (Natural lakes) - Natural, sand-rimmed water basins or depressions that fill with rainwater. Situated in the Northwest coast plain dry zone of Sri Lanka. The park is situated 30km west Anuradhapura and placed in 26 km north of Puttalam (in the region of 180 km north of Colombo). The park is 131, 693 hectares and ranges from 0 to 152 meters above sea level. Nearly sixty lakes (Willu) and tanks are establishing increase throughout Wilpattu. Wilpattu is one of the biggest and oldest National Parks in Sri Lanka. Wilpattu is among the top national parks world famous for its Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya) population. The Leopard person in Wilpattu is still not yet known.


 More visite-

FABULOUS ANCIENT CITY OF ANURADHAPURA

ANURADHAPURA
205 km from Colombo is Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka's first capital founded about the 4th century BC. According to the Mahavansa, the Sinhala Buddhist chronicle, the city was a model of planning. Precincts were set aside for huntsmen and scavengers and even heretics and foreigners. There were hostels and hospitals, separate cemeteries for high and low castes. A water supply was assured by the construction of reservoirs.
View of Giant Stupas or Dagobas at Anuradhapura Anuradhapura was to continue for six hundred years as the national capital. But internecine struggles for the royal succession grew, and it became more and more vulnerable to the pressures of South Indian political expansion. The city was finally abandoned and the capital withdrawn to more secluded areas.
But the monuments of Anuradhapura's heyday survive, surrounded by the solemn umbrage of trees, scions of an ancient parkland. 

Brief Description

This sacred city was established around a cutting from the "tree of enlightenment", Buddha's fig tree, brought there in the 3rd century B.C. by Sanghamitta, the founder of an order of Buddhist nuns. Anuradhapura, a Ceylonese political and religious capital that flourished for 1,300 years, was abandoned after an invasion in 993. Hidden away in thick jungle for a long time, the splendid site, with its palaces, monasteries and monuments, is once again accessible.


World Heritage Site

Anuradhapura has been classed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
The following is an extract from a research project by the Bradford University in England.
 Bradford University's Department of Archaeological Sciences has found itself linked with a number of ongoing and new collaborative research projects in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. One of these projects, working in Sri Lanka, has been working at the ancient city of Anuradhapura, which is one of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites. In the summer of 1994 four members of Bradford University, Dr Robin Coningham, Mr Rob Janaway, Steven Cheshire and Gary Dooney, spent six weeks working at the site with members of the Government Department of Archaeology and the University of Peradeniya in Sri Lanka..
Home to the royal court
Anuradhapura or 'the city of Anura', is the earliest capital of Sri Lanka and was home to the royal court from 437 BC to 1017 AD. However it is not only a city, but one of the great centres of Buddhism in South Asia visited by thousands of pilgrims and tourists each year. The site consists of a central ten metre high mound covered in jungle, marking the old urban core, surrounded by over thirty square kilometres of Buddhist monasteries and huge reservoirs. Amongst the most spectacular of the Buddhist monuments are four great stupas, solid domes of earth and brick built over a Buddhist relic, which reach heights of over eighty metres and dominate the landscape of paddy fields and coconut trees.
New evidence
Work at this World Heritage site has been based on the research orientated question of how and when the first recognisable urban form emerged in Sri Lanka. According to most scholars, Anuradhapura was expected to have been founded in c.250 BC as a direct result of contact with north Indian cities, which themselves had emerged some two hundred years earlier in the Ganges. The results of the research project's collaborative work have, however, overturned this belief and show evidence of the presence of an urban form at the site as early as c.400 BC. This suggests that the mechanism which were responsible for the emergence of cities in north India were presumably a subcontinental wide phenomena. Indeed antecedents for the first city at Anuradhapura can now be identified in its archaeological sequence which stretches as far back as the Iron Age.
Another task of the above-mentioned research project was to help the Government Department of Archaeology of Sri Lanka to define the full extent of the ancient city so that it could be adequately protected and managed. This was because there is a major threat to the site from an encroachment of the site by modern settlements and farming land. The group due to restraints of time and resourced limited their research to an archaeological geophysical survey. Through a combination of old land maps and surviving topography  areas were identified in the surrounding paddyfields where shallow linear depressions suggested the presence of a silted moat. Areas of jungle were cleared at the edges of the mound and set up grids which stretched down into the paddyfields and used a resistivity meter to survey areas on the east, south and north of the mound. This survey identified substantial anomalies which were then tested with a hand auger. The auger confirmed that a silted rock-cut moat some 5 metres deep and 40 metres wide surrounding the city had been successfully identified. This work has enabled this UNESCO World Heritage site to be protected and curated.
Royal medium
Another important area of Bradford University's research programme at Anuradhapura has been in connection with the early development of writing in South Asia. For over a hundred and fifty years scholars have believed that the first script was developed c. 250 BC in the north of the subcontinent as a result of interaction with the Persian empire. The emergent script was first used a royal medium and then became widely available for other uses such as helping merchants keep accounts. Following this initial development in the north it was assumed that the use of this script slowly spread south until it reached Sri Lanka one hundred years later. However, the group's  work at Anuradhapura has overturned this theory by yielding evidence that the earliest script, known as Brahmi, was present in Sri Lanka from as early as c.450 BC. Moreover, there was evidence of a developmental sequence which saw the script alter in form from large irregular and rather crude characters to small, well formed ones. This early date of this sequence suggests the very development and adoption of the script itself. All the early inscriptions were found inscribed on ceramic vessel and consist of personal names in the dative cases - signifying ownership. It is suggested by the researchers  that the names do not necessarily refer to the owner of the ceramic vessel but of the contents. Ceramic vessels are often used today in Sri Lanka as containers and goods are often transported in them. It is also suggested that the initial adoption of a script was connected with a demand for means of ownership to facilitate long distance trade and exchange and was only later adopted as a royal medium.

The Bradford University's collaborative work at Anuradhapura in the summer of 1994 has helped to preserve one of UNESCO's World Heritage sites as well as to strengthen Bradford's academic links with South Asia.

Monday, 10 December 2012

sinhala kit



1. Click on the language you want to download the Unicode

Click to Download Sinhala Unicode Click to Download Tamil Unicode



2. Then the following window will appear. Select your operating system from there.
(Note: Select your OS from the window which will be opened when you select your language above, NOT from the following image. It's just for the explanation)

Select your operating system



3. From the following window, click on the first link appears in order to download the Sinhala/Tamil Unicode KIT Setup file.

Click on the first link

Thursday, 6 December 2012

player


 
The KMPlayer Plus 3.3.0.30 Final
   The KMPlayer is a video and audio player very well and can play a large number of formats such as VCD, DVD, AVI, MPEG-1/2/4, WMV, RealMedia, QuickTime, etc. It can handle subtitles and allows to capture the screenshot. You can set audio and video effects, slow down or increase playback speed, select the video as a favorite, and much more. You can change skins, color schemes, and personalized settings.
Features:

  • Enjoy medias without installing codecs separately
  • KMP’s built-in codec is faster and reliable because it process internally
  • KMP supports both built-in and 3rd party codecs
  • Features audio codecs (AC3, MPEG1, 2, AAC, WMA 7, 8 etc.)
  • Through KMP’s built-in codecs, you can enjoy all major media formats
  • Matrix/normalizer options through built-in voice codec
  • The current built-in codec supports all ffdshow codecs and also codecs that ffdshow doesn’t support such as MPEG1, 2
  • and much more
Correction of corrupted files:
  • AVI format originally have problems when trying to view corrupted files
  • KMP therefore supports various methods to play AVI files. First, KMP utilizes the ‘AVI Splitter’. Minor corrupted AVI files can be viewed through previous versions of AVI Splitter
  • If it still doesn’t play, KMP will utilize the ‘AVI Source Filter’ for playback. The built-in ‘AVI Source Filter’ analyses AVI files and plays by skipping bad frames
  • If it still doesn’t play through the above methods, it will utilize the RealMedia engine to play the corrupted AVI files
Changes in KMP 3.3.0.28:
  • Added Web Search Bar
  • Supports Blu-Ray Play
  • Supports DIVX(xsub) Subtitle(AVI files only)
  • Added video codec ProRes(APCH, APCN, APCS, ACPO, AP4H) 


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